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Know more about Kazakhstan

Location	Central Asia, northwest of China.
Geographic coordinates	48 00 N, 68 00 E.
Map references	Asia.
Area	Total: 2,717,300 sq km Water: 47,500 sq km Land: 2,669,800 sq km.
Land Boundaries	Total: 12,012 km.
Border Countries	China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846 km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km.
Coastline	0 km (Landlocked); note - Kazakhstan borders the Aral Sea, now split into two bodies of water (1,070 km), and the Caspian Sea (1,894 km).
Climate	Continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid.
Geography — Note	Landlocked; Russia leases approximately 6,000 sq km of territory enclosing the Baykonur Cosmodrome.
Population	16,741,519 (July 2002 est.)
Age Structure	0-14 years: 26% (male 2,212,985; female 2,141,392) 15-64 years: 66.5% (male 5,393,281; female 5,731,288) 65 years and over: 7.5% (male 434,879; female 827,694) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate	0.1% (2002 est.)
Ethnic groups	Kazakh (Qazaq) 53.4%, Russian 30%, Ukrainian 3.7%, Uzbek 2.5%, German 2.4%, Uighur 1.4%, other 6.6% (1999 census).
Religions	Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7%.
Languages	Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official, used in everyday business, designated the "language of interethnic communication") 95% (2001 est.)
Literacy	Definition: age 15 and over can read and write Total Population: 98.4% Male: 99.1% Female: 97.7% (1999 est.)
Country Name	Conventional Long Form : Republic of Kazakhstan Conventional Short Form : Kazakhstan Local Long Form : Qazaqstan Respublikasy
Government type	Republic.
Capital	Astana Note - the government moved from Almaty to Astana in December 1998.
Independence	16 December 1991 (from the Soviet Union).
National holiday	Independence Day, 1 September (1991).
Constitution	New constitution adopted 8 December 1992.
Legal System	Evolution of Soviet civil law; still lacks independent judicial system.
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal.
GDP	Purchasing Power Parity - $62 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	Purchasing Power Parity - $2,500 (2001 est.).
GDP - composition by sector	Agriculture: 33% Industry: 24% Services: 43% (2000 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share	Lowest 10%: 3.1% Highest 10%: 25.2% (2001)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	23% (2001 est.).
Labor force	11.9 million (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	Agriculture 44%, Industry 20%, Services 36% (1995)
Budget	Revenues: $4 billion Expenditures: $4.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Industries	Textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, natural gas, chemicals.
Agriculture - products	Cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock.
Exports	$2.8 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	Cotton 41.5%, gold 9.6%, energy products 9.6%, mineral fertilizers, ferrous metals, textiles, food products, automobiles (1998 est.)
Exports - partners	Russia 16.7%, Switzerland 8.3%, UK 7.2%, Ukraine 4.7%, South Korea 3.3%, Kazakhstan 3.1% (2000).
Imports	$2.5 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	Machinery and equipment 49.8%, foodstuffs 16.4%, chemicals, metals (1998 est.)
Imports - partners	Russia 15.8%, South Korea 9.8%, US 8.7%, Germany 8.6%, Kazakhstan 7.3%, Ukraine 6.1% (2002).
Currency	Uzbekistani sum (UZS).
Currency code	UZS.
Fiscal year	Calendar Year.

Know more about Uzbekistan

Location	Central Asia, north of Afghanistan.
Geographic coordinates	41 00 N, 64 00 E.
Map references	Asia.
Area	Total: 447,400 sq km Water: 22,000 sq km Land: 425,400 sq km.
Land Boundaries	Total: 6,221 km.
Border Countries	Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km.
Coastline	0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline.
Climate	Mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east.
Geography — Note	Along with Liechtenstein, one of the only two doubly landlocked countries in the world.
Population	25,563,441 (July 2002 est.)
Age Structure	0-14 years: 35.5% (male 4,617,110; female 4,457,065) 15-64 years: 59.8% (male 7,567,510; female 7,726,753) 65 years and over: 4.7% (male 482,137; female 712,866) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate	1.62% (2002 est.).
Ethnic groups	Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.).
Religions	Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3%.
Languages	Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1%.
Literacy	Definition: age 15 and over can read and write Total Population: 99% Male: 99% Female: 99% (Year-end 1996)
Country Name	Conventional Long Form : Republic of Uzbekistan Conventional Short Form : Uzbekistan Former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic Local Long Form: Uzbekiston Respublikasi.
Government type	Republic; authoritarian presidential rule, with little power outside the executive branch.
Capital	Tashkent (Toshkent).
Independence	1 September 1991 (from Soviet Union).
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, celebrated on the second Saturday in June (1926).
Constitution	Unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice.
Legal System	Common law tradition with early Roman and modern continental influences; no judicial review of Acts of Parliament; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; British courts and legislation are increasingly subject to review by European Union courts.
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal.
GDP	Purchasing Power Parity - $1.47 trillion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.4% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	Purchasing Power Parity - $24,700 (2001 est.).
GDP - composition by sector	Agriculture: 1.7% Industry: 24.9% Services: 73.4% (1999).
Population below poverty line	17% (2001 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	Lowest 10%: 2.6% Highest 10%: 27.3% (2000)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.8% (2001 est.).
Labor force	29.7 million (2001).
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 44%, industry 20%, services 36% (1995).
Budget	Revenues: $4 billion Expenditures: $4.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.).
Industries	Textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, natural gas, chemicals.
Agriculture - products	Cereals, oilseed, potatoes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, poultry; fish .
Exports	$2.8 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	Cotton 41.5%, gold 9.6%, energy products 9.6%, mineral fertilizers, ferrous metals, textiles, food products, automobiles (1998 est.)
Exports - partners	Russia 16.7%, Switzerland 8.3%, UK 7.2%, Ukraine 4.7%, South Korea 3.3%, Kazakhstan 3.1% (2000).
Imports	$2.5 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	Machinery and equipment 49.8%, foodstuffs 16.4%, chemicals, metals (1998 est.)
Imports - partners	Russia 15.8%, South Korea 9.8%, US 8.7%, Germany 8.6%, Kazakhstan 7.3%, Ukraine 6.1% (2002).
Currency	Uzbekistani sum (UZS).
Currency code	UZS.
Fiscal year	Calendar year.

Know more about United Arab Emirates

Location	Central Asia, west of China.
Geographic coordinates	41 00 N, 75 00 E.
Map references	Asia.
Area	Total: 198,500 sq km Water: 7,200 sq km Land: 191,300 sq km.
Land Boundaries	Total: 3,878 km.
Border Countries	China 858 km, Kazakhstan 1,051 km, Tajikistan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,099 km.
Coastline	0 km (landlocked).
Climate	Dry continental to polar in high Tien Shan; subtropical in southwest (Fergana Valley); temperate in northern foothill zone.
Geography — Note	Landlocked; entirely mountainous, dominated by the Tien Shan range; many tall peaks, glaciers, and high-altitude lakes.
Population	4,822,166 (July 2002 est.)
Age Structure	0-14 years: 34.4% (male 838,224; female 821,230) 15-64 years: 59.4% (male 1,403,328; female 1,459,914) 65 years and over: 6.2% (male 113,861; female 185,609) (2002 est.)
Population growth rate	1.45% (2002 est.).
Ethnic groups	Kyrgyz 52.4%, Russian 18%, Uzbek 12.9%, Ukrainian 2.5%, German 2.4%, other 11.8%.
Religions	Muslim 75%, Russian Orthodox 20%, other 5%.
Languages	Kyrgyz - official language, Russian - official language. Note: In December 2001, the Kyrgyzstani legislature made Russian an official language, equal in status to Kyrgyz.
Literacy	Definition: age 15 and over can read and write Total Population: 97% Male: 99% Female: 96% (1989 est.)
Country Name	Conventional Long Form : Kyrgyz Republic Conventional Short Form : Kyrgyzstan Former: Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic Local Long Form: Kyrgyz Respublikasy
Government type	Republic
Capital	Bishkek.
Independence	31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union).
National holiday	Independence Day, 31 August (1991).
Constitution	Adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 10 February 1996 significantly expands the powers of the president at the expense of the legislature.
Legal System	Based on civil law system.
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal.
GDP	Purchasing Power Parity - $13.5 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	Purchasing Power Parity - $2,800 (2001 est.).
GDP - composition by sector	Agriculture: 38% Industry: 27% Services: 35% (2000 est.)
Population below poverty line	55% (2001 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	Lowest 10%: 2.7% Highest 10%: 31.7% (1997)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	7% (2001 est.).
Labor force	2.7 million (2000).
Labor force - by occupation	Agriculture 55%, Industry 15%, Services 30% (2000).
Budget	Revenues: $207.4 million Expenditures: $238.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Industries	Small machinery, textiles, food processing, cement, shoes, sawn logs, refrigerators, furniture, electric motors, gold, rare earth metals.
Agriculture - products	Tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool.
Exports	$475 billion (f.o.b., 2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	Cotton, wool, meat, tobacco; gold, mercury, uranium, hydropower; machinery; shoes.
Exports - partners	Germany 28.7%, Uzbekistan 17.7%, Russia 12.9%, China 8.7%, Kazakhstan 6.6% (2000).
Imports	$420 million (f.o.b., 2001)
Imports - commodities	Oil and gas, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs.
Imports - partners	Russia 23.9%, Uzbekistan 13.5%, Kazakhstan 10.3%, US 9.7%, Turkey 4.8% (2000).
Currency	Kyrgyzstani som (KGS).
Currency code	KGS.
Fiscal year	Calendar Year.
Source : www.cia.gov

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